this spike in blood sugar!
This is a group of metabolic-endocrine disease that is characterized with chronic hyperglycaemia (i.e high blood sugar/ glucose). It is a condition in which the body can not properly convert food into energy. The consistently high blood glucose is associated with acute, as well as long term complications affecting the eyes, kidneys, feet, nerves, cardiovascular system etc.
Some of the symptoms of diabetes are;
Increased thirst, polydipsia and urination, polyurea,
Constant hunger, polyphegia,
Weight loss,
Blood vison,
Extreme fatique, etc
There are three main types of diabetes mellitus as follows;
(a) Type I or the Juvenile diabetes. This results from the destruction of the pancreatic β cells usually by autoimmune processes. It presents at young age especially at teens and twenties. It requires daily use of insulin for survival, thus called insulin-dependent diabetes. Insulin is a hormone that is produced and secreted by the endocrine system in the body. It usually comes as pharmaceutical product(drug) in the form of injectibles but also scarcely produced as aerosols, patches and tablets as a more convinent dosage form.
(b) Type II. The type II diabetes mellitus is commest type of diabetes. It is characterized with insulin resistance or/and abnormal insulin secretion, though both are usually present. It is more common in adult above 40 years of age. The management of this type usually requires the of oral antidiabetic drugs.
(c) Gestational diabetes occurs for the first time or only in pregnancy. It needs treatment and attention to avoid other complications like disordered child growth, development, delivery and eclampsia.
Management of Diabetes Mellitus
The management of diabetes mellitus begins with early and accurate diagnosis. Biochemical diagnosis revealing a random blood glucose ≥ 11.1mmol/L or fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0mmol/L consistently with any of the hyperglycaemic symptoms confirms diabetes mellitus. Early diagnosis is cardinal to management, thus regular laboratory test by everybody is encouraged.
A very important non pharmacologic approach in the management is proper empowerment and education of diabetes mellitus patients for self-care and adherence. This will require a the formation of interactive forum/fora such as diabetes club for contemporary issue to be discussed.
Education and empowerment should include:
The aforementioned points of education are core to the management of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, a localized forum would be developed to make management tangible and attainable. These and more would subsequently be discussed sequentially with valid link to the appropriate drugs and needed care.
Some of the symptoms of diabetes are;
Increased thirst, polydipsia and urination, polyurea,
Constant hunger, polyphegia,
Weight loss,
Blood vison,
Extreme fatique, etc
There are three main types of diabetes mellitus as follows;
(a) Type I or the Juvenile diabetes. This results from the destruction of the pancreatic β cells usually by autoimmune processes. It presents at young age especially at teens and twenties. It requires daily use of insulin for survival, thus called insulin-dependent diabetes. Insulin is a hormone that is produced and secreted by the endocrine system in the body. It usually comes as pharmaceutical product(drug) in the form of injectibles but also scarcely produced as aerosols, patches and tablets as a more convinent dosage form.
(b) Type II. The type II diabetes mellitus is commest type of diabetes. It is characterized with insulin resistance or/and abnormal insulin secretion, though both are usually present. It is more common in adult above 40 years of age. The management of this type usually requires the of oral antidiabetic drugs.
(c) Gestational diabetes occurs for the first time or only in pregnancy. It needs treatment and attention to avoid other complications like disordered child growth, development, delivery and eclampsia.
Management of Diabetes Mellitus
The management of diabetes mellitus begins with early and accurate diagnosis. Biochemical diagnosis revealing a random blood glucose ≥ 11.1mmol/L or fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0mmol/L consistently with any of the hyperglycaemic symptoms confirms diabetes mellitus. Early diagnosis is cardinal to management, thus regular laboratory test by everybody is encouraged.
A very important non pharmacologic approach in the management is proper empowerment and education of diabetes mellitus patients for self-care and adherence. This will require a the formation of interactive forum/fora such as diabetes club for contemporary issue to be discussed.
Education and empowerment should include:
- Diet,
- Obesity and weight lost,
- Physical exercise,
- Drug therapy and adherence,
- Foot care and prevention of amputation and
- Management of emergency eg hypoglycaemia.
The aforementioned points of education are core to the management of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, a localized forum would be developed to make management tangible and attainable. These and more would subsequently be discussed sequentially with valid link to the appropriate drugs and needed care.
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